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Variation of obligation envisaged in construction contract
Táborský, Arnošt ; Klee, Lukáš (advisor) ; Brodec, Jan (referee)
Thesis title: Contractly anticipated obligation changes of construction contract Abstract This thesis aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of obligation changes in construction contracts for investors from both private and public sectors with regard to the decision-making activities of control and judicial bodies. Furthermore, its purpose is to determine the good practice of obligation changes in construction contracts. The first chapter describes the general regulation of the obligation law, contract for work and special modifications to the construction contract. All of the above is regulated in the Civil Code. The next chapter deals with the regulation of public procurements where the development of current legislation is described. This legislation is based on the case law of the European Court of Justice, especially in the Pressetext judgment. Furthermore, the chapter addresses current opinions on obligation modifications to public procurement. The thesis further describes individual change processes of commonly used model contractual standards - Red and Yellow Books issued by FIDIC international organizations. These mechanisms include variations - necessary changes to the work and value engineering that improve the work or are otherwise beneficial to the ordering party, based on the experience...
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Calculus of variation in Physics and Geometry
Kuchařík, Jan ; Krýsl, Svatopluk (advisor) ; Scholtz, Martin (referee)
Název práce: Variační počet ve fyzice Autor: Jan Kuchařík Katedra / Ústav: Matematický ústav UK Vedoucí bakalářské práce: RNDr. Svatopluk Krýsl, Ph.D. Abstrakt: Ve své práci shrnuji některá základní použití variačního počtu v praktických aplikacích. Odvozuju zde nezbytný matematický aparát. Zavádím pojem matematického funkcionálu a jeho extremalizaci, odvozuji Euler-Lagrangeovu rovnici a její důsledek - Beltramiho identitu; dále se věnuji odvození metody řešení izoperimetrických úloh, která zobecňuje metodu Lagrangeových multiplikátorů. Ačkoliv se v práci vyskytují řešené úlohy nejrůznějšího typu, zaměřuju se na čtyři hlavní oblasti: Fermatův princip, Hamiltonův princip nejmenší akce, isoperimetrické úlohy a hledání geodetik. Title: Variational calculus in physics Author: Jan Kuchařík Department: Supervisor: RNDr. Svatopluk Krýsl, Ph.D. Abstract: In my research work, I try to collect some basic usage of variational calculus in practical applications. I derive all the necessary mathematical tools. I explain what is a fuctional and what it means to extremalize it, I derive Euler- Lagrange equation and its corollary - Beltrami identity. I also try to derive a method for solving isoperimetric problems which generalizes the one of the Lagrange multipliers. Although there is a variety of several different...
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English as a Lingua Franca in the Context of the Czech Educational System
Kadlecová, Hana ; Matuchová, Klára (advisor) ; Červinková Poesová, Kristýna (referee)
Despite the predominance of English used by non-native speakers in international communication, the approach to teaching this language is still centred on the notion of acquiring English for the purpose of communication with native speakers. This thesis argues for acknowledgement of English as a lingua franca in the approach to teaching English. It also stresses the necessity of further investigations into the global use of English to better understand this phenomenon. A questionnaire was conducted with ten English teachers to see their opinions about some of the key issues of English as a lingua franca (for instance the concept of nativeness, the role of a teacher and the understanding of an error). As a result, it was found that despite some slow changes in individual opinions, the traditional view on teaching English is still prevalent. Both the theoretical research and the analysis of the questionnaire stress the need of implementing the concept of English as a lingua franca into teaching English as it is necessary to prepare students for the reality of global use of this language. Key words: English as a lingua franca, second language acquisition, nativeness, error, variation
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Identity and variations in the novel Lignes de faille by Nancy Huston
Turečková, Ester ; Šuman, Záviš (advisor) ; Ébert-Zeminová, Catherine (referee)
The present study compares identity formation of the narrators in the novel Lignes de faille, who are six years old children of four consecutive generations. The aim of the thesis is to link and analyze two basic elements of Huston's creation, namely identity and variations. The first part of the study deals with the definition of identity and then describes the stages of identity formation according to the psychosocial concept of Erik H. Erikson. Afterwards, the thesis outlines family environment factors such as family composition, parenting style or religious denomination that contribute to the formation of identity. The second part of the comparative study focuses on the similarities and differences between the four children stories of which the novel is composed. The analysis deals with variations related to body perception, religious beliefs and family models. The thesis provides a point of view of the identity formation of the children and at the same time shows how the reactions to the factors that affect this formation resemble or differ across the four stories.
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Principles of fun in Collectible Card Games and their Influence on the Players Life
Vaněk, Jiří ; Tuček, Milan (advisor) ; Martinová, Marta (referee)
The bachelor thesis Principles of fun in collectible card games and their influence on the players life is about a hobby game discipline called Collectible Card Games or Trading Card Games. Basic rules of collectible card games are described in the introduction. Theoretical block describes game in a different way, than people usually thought about it. Important part of thesis is empirical research which conducted in March 2014. This research was performed using the method called interview with manual which belongs under the qualitative methods. Research is focused on long- term Magic the Gathering players and took place in Prague game centre. Results of this research are divided to two major sections. First section is Fun and collectible card games and second section is Influence of community on player's life. First section is focusing on what is fun about gaming, why competition is important, factor of luck in games and what having a collection means for them. Second section is about relationship between the players, formation and maintenance of community and also about traveling and friendship. Whole research procedure is summarized in conclusion. Also, there are several ideas arising from the answers of the interviewed informants.
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Variations and other changes to public contracts under FIDIC standard forms
Müller, Petr ; Klee, Lukáš (advisor) ; Brodec, Jan (referee)
Variations and other changes to public contracts under FIDIC standard forms Abstract This thesis deals with variations and other change institutes according to the FIDIC Red Book (hereinafter referred to as "CONS") enforced under the Act No. 134/2016 Coll., On Public Procurement, as amended. The main aim of this thesis is to analyze the possibility to effectively implement complex construction projects in the Czech legal environment, especially with regard to the fact that individual complex construction projects deal with, in their implementation phase, the necessity to change the work, the price for the work, but also the time of completion and handover of a work due to unforeseeable or unforeseen circumstances. The law of public procurement, with reference to the principles of free competition and, in order to ensure the effectiveness of the management of public funds, limits the possibility of the public contract modifications by means of the doctrine of the substantial and non-substantial modification. Large construction projects often exceed the estimated value of the public contract by more than 100 %, which puts a great deal of pressure on the correct and lawful subsumption of changes under the legal grounds of modifications of the contract according to section 222 of the Act on Public Procurement....
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Analysis of the main features of the spoken Prague Czech
Synková, Kateřina ; Chromý, Jan (advisor) ; Adam, Robert (referee)
The thesis analyses the main features of Spoken Prague Czech. A recently published literature dealing with Spoken Czech and Spoken Prague Czech was used as for the starting point and as the basis for the study. The hypothesis is based on the aforementioned literature, which was confirmed by voice recordings of Prague native speakers. The acquired data was compiled by the quantitative sociolinguistic methods. The usage of the following terms was examined bych, bychom vs. bysem, bysme, third person plural of the paradigma prosí, trpí, sází, dělá diphthongisation -ý into -ej, instrumental endings of substantive and adjective noun such as -ami, -ama, -y, -emi/-ema, -ími/-íma, -mi/-ma, the usage of endings -m vs. -me within the verb forms of the first person plural indicative and shortening é into í. The outcomes of research show that non-standard varieties generally predominate with an occasional influence of sex and age. Key words: Spoken Prague Czech, Variationist sociolinguistic, variety, variable
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On the Variation of Irregular Verbs: Regular Conjugation of the Most Frequent Irregular Verbs in the Written German
Sikora, Marek ; Dovalil, Vít (advisor) ; Šemelík, Martin (referee)
1 Abstract The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to find out, if the regular conjugation in preterite and the regular forming of past participle, or the absence of alternation of e and i in the 2nd and 3rd person singular, present tense indicative and in imperative singular concerning the most frequent irregular verbs have already reached the written standard German (in the informal spoken language they in some measure occur). In the first part (theoretical) the thesis explains some terms of language change, comments on the traditional classification of the irregular German verbs on the basis of ablaut and offers a more suitable one according to Bittner, sums up the main points from the codification literature. In the second part (empirical) a list of eleven irregular verbs is made (using W Corpus of the Institute for German Language in Mannheim), which are to be examined, a methodology is developed to detect the typing errors occurring in the found forms, and the eleven verbs are empirically researched. The conclusion presents the results and answers the main questions put in the introduction.
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